Types of culture

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Types of culture

There are different types of plant tissue culture techniques mainly based on the explant used.

Callus Culture

  • This involves the culture of differentiated tissue from explant which differentiates in vitro to form callus.

Organ Culture 

  • Culture of isolated plant organs is referred to as organ culture. 
  • The organ used may be embryo, seed, root, endosperm, anther, ovary, ovule, meristem, (Shoot tip) or nucellus.
  • The organ culture may be organized or unorganized.
  1. Organized organ culture- 
  • When a well organized structure of a plant (seed, embryo) is used in culture, it is referred to as organized culture. 
  • In this type of culture the characteristic of individual organ structure is maintained and the progeny formed is similar in structure as that of the original organ.
  1. Unorganized organ culture 
  • This involves the isolation of cell or tissue of a part of the organ, and their culture in vitro.
  • Unorganized culture results in the formation of callus.
  • The callus can be dispersed into aggregates of cells and/or single cells to give a suspension culture.

Cell culture 

  • The culture of isolated individual cells obtained from an explant tissue or callus is regarded as cell culture.
  • These cultures are carried out in dispensation medium and are referred to as cell suspension cultures.

Protoplast culture 

  • Plant protoplasts (i.e. cell devoid of cell walls) are also used in the laboratory for culture.
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