Nocturnal refers to processes, behaviors, or organisms that are active during the night. In contrast to diurnal, which is associated with daytime activity, nocturnal phenomena are adapted to cooler, darker nighttime conditions.
Nocturnal in Plant Physiology:
In the context of plants, nocturnal activity is significant for certain metabolic processes, especially in CAM plants.
- Stomatal Activity at Night:
In CAM plants, stomata open during the night to absorb atmospheric CO₂, minimizing water loss in arid environments.
CO₂ is fixed into malic acid and stored in vacuoles for use during the day in photosynthesis.
- Water Conservation:
Opening stomata at night reduces water loss due to lower temperatures and higher humidity, a critical adaptation for desert plants like cacti, agave, and pineapple.
Nocturnal in Animals:
Many animals, such as owls, bats, and nocturnal predators, are active at night.
Adaptations include heightened senses (e.g., vision, hearing) to navigate and hunt in low light.
