Origin of Cell wall

Origin of Cell wall /Biogenesis of Cell wall

• The origin of cell wall take place at the end of Telophase of cell Division.
• At the cell division cell plate formation take place in the equator.
• The cell plate is formed by the phragmoplast.
• Phragmoplast include – Fragment of E.R. (Tubules), Fragment of Golgi Bodies (20µm) and Large Vesicles (250µm), these three structures are jointly called phragmoplast.
•  For cell plate formation the above said three components arrange themselves in a raw at the equatorial region of cell and divide cytoplasm into two parts.
• After the assembly fragment of E.R. and small vesicles are fused and form a membrane like structure, that joined with plasma membrane of daughter cells.
• After this the larger vesicles that are filled with Ca++ / Mg++ pactet are fused with this layer and formed  middle lamella.
• At some point the fusion remain incomplete that result in the formation of plasmodesmata.

• AT both the side of this layer phragmosomes appear which are made of unit membrane and contain granular matrix.
• Their diameter is 250mµ, they also contribute to the material of the middle lamella, then they disappear.
• After this the primary cell wall materials such as cellulose and pectin are deposited.
• At the primary stage it is a thin (1-3µ) elastic and delicate layer . But after the maturation its thickness increase about 5 – 10µ due to the deposition of cell wall forming material.