Chromosomal Organisation

Who Discovered Chromosomes?

[{"selector":"#anim-a6d2fb37-0842-40a0-ae47-5e9a537f98fb","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(1)","scale(1.5)","scale(0.95)","scale(1)"],"offset":[0,0.33,0.66,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1450,"easing":"ease-in-out","fill":"both","iterations":1}] [{"selector":"#anim-a5839921-e32a-4728-b63d-e29d6c5d5aa5","keyframes":{"opacity":[1,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-f3fdc102-08ee-44ef-96fb-ac9446a7335e","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(3)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}]

When Are Chromosomes Visible?

[{"selector":"#anim-5efa883c-3b93-439c-80ca-e9af9dd56932","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(1)","scale(1.5)","scale(0.95)","scale(1)"],"offset":[0,0.33,0.66,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1450,"easing":"ease-in-out","fill":"both","iterations":1}] [{"selector":"#anim-2dbedb3e-7ce2-48e9-b28b-5f90fa16d294","keyframes":{"opacity":[1,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-3d89fbda-e554-4d87-9581-667e99a5ed20","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(3)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}]

What Are Chromosomes Made Of?

[{"selector":"#anim-c6852380-7b28-4e7e-9274-7944afb20adb","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(1)","scale(1.5)","scale(0.95)","scale(1)"],"offset":[0,0.33,0.66,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1450,"easing":"ease-in-out","fill":"both","iterations":1}] [{"selector":"#anim-39840ed7-bc01-4225-a484-5847d172471a","keyframes":{"opacity":[1,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-7df34666-58c4-470a-a09b-0051c08e4a9c","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(3)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}]

Chromosome Numbers (2n)

[{"selector":"#anim-03a5f078-a755-4432-841d-939fef6c9326","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(1)","scale(1.5)","scale(0.95)","scale(1)"],"offset":[0,0.33,0.66,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1450,"easing":"ease-in-out","fill":"both","iterations":1}] [{"selector":"#anim-7dddc5c7-8e33-4d9d-9f5e-2dcd6a32db63","keyframes":{"opacity":[1,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-d4d8b3ad-5e3d-46fd-8bab-152461273637","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(3)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}] – Human: 2n = 46 – Onion: 2n = 16 – Maize: 2n = 20 – Tomato: 2n = 24 – Wheat: 2n = 42

Diploid & Haploid Concept

[{"selector":"#anim-a872964d-b4fd-4d83-b632-2d861c62fe6f","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(1)","scale(1.5)","scale(0.95)","scale(1)"],"offset":[0,0.33,0.66,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1450,"easing":"ease-in-out","fill":"both","iterations":1}] [{"selector":"#anim-f2f6008f-1007-4e1a-aff4-dc306f26a194","keyframes":{"opacity":[1,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-34110185-581c-4312-91c9-dc44da4eeabb","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(3)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}]

DNA in Chromosomes

[{"selector":"#anim-ee75229c-73c3-4f3a-9c81-33c92e4e19e6","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(1)","scale(1.5)","scale(0.95)","scale(1)"],"offset":[0,0.33,0.66,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1450,"easing":"ease-in-out","fill":"both","iterations":1}] [{"selector":"#anim-e779b7a6-2627-4b2d-a269-26529c94afe7","keyframes":{"opacity":[1,1]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"both"}] [{"selector":"#anim-f895dcae-b163-4248-aab9-c6d2c643522f","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(3)","scale(1)"]},"delay":0,"duration":2000,"easing":"cubic-bezier(.3,0,.55,1)","fill":"forwards"}]

Want More? 📢 "Check out 50+ MCQs on this topic with PYQs for NEET, CUET, UPSC!"

[{"selector":"#anim-d57e497b-2ecf-40e8-a302-0cabab715c17","keyframes":{"transform":["scale(1)","scale(1.5)","scale(0.95)","scale(1)"],"offset":[0,0.33,0.66,1]},"delay":0,"duration":1450,"easing":"ease-in-out","fill":"both","iterations":1}]

Chromosomal Organisation

Chromosomes – the colored bodies of life! Found in your nucleus and made of DNA + protein

Who Discovered Chromosomes?

Observed by Strasburger (1875) and Flemming (1882)Named by Waldeyer in 1888

When Are Chromosomes Visible?

"In the Metaphase stage of cell division, chromosomes appear clearly under a microscope."

What Are Chromosomes Made Of?

DNA RNA Histone & Non-histone proteins Ions: Ca, Mg, Zn

Chromosome Numbers (2n)

Diploid & Haploid Concept

– Somatic cells: 2n (diploid) – Gametes: n (haploid) After fertilization: n + n = 2n

DNA in Chromosomes

– Controls metabolism & heredity – Exists as Unique (Exons) & Repetitive DNA (Introns) – 30–35% is unique in eukaryotes

Want More? 📢 "Check out 50+ MCQs on this topic with PYQs for NEET, CUET, UPSC!"